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Compare Somalia (2001) - Saint Lucia (2004)

Compare Somalia (2001) z Saint Lucia (2004)

 Somalia (2001)Saint Lucia (2004)
 SomaliaSaint Lucia
Administrative divisions 18 regions (plural - NA, singular - gobolka); Awdal, Bakool, Banaadir, Bari, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan, Jubbada Dhexe, Jubbada Hoose, Mudug, Nugaal, Sanaag, Shabeellaha Dhexe, Shabeellaha Hoose, Sool, Togdheer, Woqooyi Galbeed 11 quarters; Anse-la-Raye, Castries, Choiseul, Dauphin, Dennery, Gros-Islet, Laborie, Micoud, Praslin, Soufriere, Vieux-Fort
Age structure 0-14 years:
44.54% (male 1,670,320; female 1,665,329)

15-64 years:
52.69% (male 1,993,750; female 1,952,437)

65 years and over:
2.77% (male 91,511; female 115,426) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 30.7% (male 25,913; female 24,467)


15-64 years: 64.1% (male 51,750; female 53,530)


65 years and over: 5.2% (male 3,159; female 5,394) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products cattle, sheep, goats; bananas, sorghum, corn, sugarcane, mangoes, sesame seeds, beans; fish bananas, coconuts, vegetables, citrus, root crops, cocoa
Airports 62 (2000 est.) 2 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
5

over 3,047 m:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
57

2,438 to 3,047 m:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
13

914 to 1,523 m:
29

under 914 m:
11 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
637,657 sq km

land:
627,337 sq km

water:
10,320 sq km
total: 616 sq km


land: 606 sq km


water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Texas 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background A SIAD BARRE regime was ousted in January 1991; turmoil, factional fighting, and anarchy followed for nine years. In May of 1991, northern clans declared an independent Republic of Somaliland which now includes the administrative regions of Awdal, Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sanaag, and Sool. Although not recognized by any government, this entity has maintained a stable existence, aided by the overwhelming dominance of the ruling clan and economic infrastructure left behind by British, Russian, and American military assistance programs. The regions of Bari and Nugaal comprise a neighboring self-declared Republic of Puntland, which has also made strides towards reconstructing legitimate, representative government. Beginning in 1993, a two-year UN humanitarian effort (primarily in the south) was able to alleviate famine conditions, but when the UN withdrew in 1995, having suffered significant casualties, order still had not been restored. A Transitional National Government (TNG) was created in October 2000 in Arta, Djibouti which was attended by a broad representation of Somali clans. The TNG has a three-year mandate to create a permanent national Somali government. The TNG does not recognize Somaliland or Puntland as independent republics but so far has been unable to reunite them with the unstable regions in the south; numerous warlords and factions are still fighting for control of Mogadishu and the other southern regions. The island, with its fine natural harbor at Castries, was contested between England and France throughout the 17th and early 18th centuries (changing possession 14 times); it was finally ceded to the UK in 1814. Self-government was granted in 1967 and independence in 1979.
Birth rate 47.23 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 20.5 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
revenues: $141.2 million


expenditures: $146.7 million, including capital expenditures of $25.1 million (2000 est.)
Capital Mogadishu Castries
Climate principally desert; December to February - northeast monsoon, moderate temperatures in north and very hot in south; May to October - southwest monsoon, torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons tropical, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season from January to April, rainy season from May to August
Coastline 3,025 km 158 km
Constitution 25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979

note:
the Transitional National Government formed in October 2000 has a mandate to create a new constitution and hold elections within three years
22 February 1979
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Somalia

former:
Somali Republic, Somali Democratic Republic
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Lucia
Currency Somali shilling (SOS) East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Death rate 18.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.18 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $2.6 billion (1999 est.) $214 million (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Somalia; US interests are represented by the US Embassy in Nairobi at Moi Avenue and Haile Selassie Avenue; mail address: P. O. Box 30137, Unit 64100, Nairobi; APO AE 09831; telephone: [254] (2) 334141; FAX [254] (2) 340838 the US does not have an embassy in Saint Lucia; the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Saint Lucia
Diplomatic representation in the US Somalia does not have an embassy in the US (ceased operations on 8 May 1991) chief of mission: Ambassador Sonia Merlyn JOHNNY


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 364-6792 through 6795


FAX: [1] (202) 364-6723


consulate(s) general: Miami and New York
Disputes - international most of the southern half of the boundary with Ethiopia is a Provisional Administrative Line; territorial dispute with Ethiopia over the Ogaden joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the Caribbean Sea
Economic aid - recipient $191.5 million (1995) $51.8 million (1995)
Economy - overview One of the world's poorest and least developed countries, Somalia has few resources. Moreover, much of the economy has been devastated by the civil war. Agriculture is the most important sector, with livestock accounting for about 40% of GDP and about 65% of export earnings. Nomads and semi-nomads, who are dependent upon livestock for their livelihood, make up a large portion of the population. Livestock and bananas are the principal exports; sugar, sorghum, corn, fish, and qat are products for the domestic market. The small industrial sector, based on the processing of agricultural products, accounts for 10% of GDP; most facilities have been shut down because of the civil strife. Moreover, ongoing civil disturbances in Mogadishu and outlying areas have interfered with any substantial economic advance and with international aid arrangements. Due to the civil strife, economic data is susceptible to an exceptionally wide margin of error. Changes in the EU import preference regime and the increased competition from Latin American bananas have made economic diversification increasingly important in Saint Lucia. The island nation has been able to attract foreign business and investment, especially in its offshore banking and tourism industries. The manufacturing sector is the most diverse in the Eastern Caribbean area, and the government is trying to revitalize the banana industry. Economic fundamentals remain solid.
Electricity - consumption 241.8 million kWh (1999) 111.8 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 260 million kWh (1999) 120.2 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Shimbiris 2,416 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Gimie 950 m
Environment - current issues famine; use of contaminated water contributes to human health problems; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification deforestation; soil erosion, particularly in the northern region
Environment - international agreements party to:
Endangered Species, Law of the Sea

signed, but not ratified:
Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Somali 85%, Bantu, Arabs 30,000 black 90%, mixed 6%, East Indian 3%, white 1%
Exchange rates Somali shillings per US dollar - 11,000 (November 2000), 2,620 (January 1999), 7,500 (November 1997 est.), 7,000 (January 1996 est.), 5,000 (1 January 1995), 2,616 (1 July 1993)

note:
the Republic of Somaliland, a self-declared independent country not recognized by any foreign government, issues its own currency, the Somaliland shilling
East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state:
ABDIKASSIM Salad Hassan (since 26 August 2000); note - Interim President ABDIKASSIM was chosen for a three-year term by a 245-member National Assembly serving as a transitional government; the present political situation is still unstable, particularly in the south, with interclan fighting and random banditry

head of government:
ALI Khalifa Galaydh, appointed by the president 8 October 2000

cabinet:
appointed by the prime minister and sworn in on 20 October 2000

election results:
ABDIKASSIM Salad Hassan was elected president of an interim government at the Djibouti-sponsored Arta Peace Conference on 26 August 2000 by a broad representation of Somali clans that comprised a transitional National Assembly.
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Dame Pearlette LOUISY (since September 1997)


head of government: Prime Minister Kenneth Davis ANTHONY (since 24 May 1997) and Deputy Prime Minister Mario MICHEL (since 24 May 1997)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Exports $186 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities livestock, bananas, hides, fish (1999) bananas 41%, clothing, cocoa, vegetables, fruits, coconut oil
Exports - partners Saudi Arabia 53%, Yemen 19%, UAE 14%, Italy 5%, Pakistan 2% (1999) UK 48%, US 24%, Antigua and Barbuda 6%, Dominica 6%, Grenada 4% (2003)
Fiscal year NA 1 April - 31 March
Flag description light blue with a large white five-pointed star in the center; design based on the flag of the UN (Italian Somaliland was a UN trust territory) blue, with a gold isosceles triangle below a black arrowhead; the upper edges of the arrowhead have a white border
GDP purchasing power parity - $4.3 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $866 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
60%

industry:
10% (largely shut down in 2000)

services:
30% (2000 est.)
agriculture: 7%


industry: 20%


services: 73% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $600 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $5,400 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 3.3% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 10 00 N, 49 00 E 13 53 N, 60 68 W
Geography - note strategic location on Horn of Africa along southern approaches to Bab el Mandeb and route through Red Sea and Suez Canal the twin Pitons (Gros Piton and Petit Piton), striking cone-shaped peaks south of Soufriere, are one of the scenic natural highlights of the Caribbean
Highways total:
22,100 km

paved:
2,608 km

unpaved:
19,492 km (1996)
total: 1,210 km


paved: 63 km


unpaved: 1,147 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs - transit point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe
Imports $314 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction materials (1995) food 23%, manufactured goods 21%, machinery and transportation equipment 19%, chemicals, fuels
Imports - partners Djibouti 24%, Kenya 14%, Brazil 13%, Saudi Arabia 10%, India 9% (1999) US 36.2%, Trinidad and Tobago 19.6%, UK 7.4%, Venezuela 6.8% (2003)
Independence 1 July 1960 (from a merger of British Somaliland, which became independent from the UK on 26 June 1960, and Italian Somaliland, which became independent from the Italian-administered UN trusteeship on 1 July 1960, to form the Somali Republic) 22 February 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% -8.9% (1997 est.)
Industries a few small industries, including sugar refining, textiles, petroleum refining (mostly shut down), wireless communication clothing, assembly of electronic components, beverages, corrugated cardboard boxes, tourism, lime processing, coconut processing
Infant mortality rate 123.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 13.95 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 15.09 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 12.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) over 100% (businesses print their own money) (2000 est.) 3% (2001 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) ACCT, ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 1,800 sq km (1993 est.) 30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch following the breakdown of national government, most regions have reverted to Islamic (Shari'a) law with a provision for appeal of all sentences Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (jurisdiction extends to Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, the British Virgin Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
Labor force 3.7 million (very few are skilled laborers) (1993 est.) 43,800 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture (mostly pastoral nomadism) 71%, industry and services 29% agriculture 21.7%, industry, commerce, and manufacturing 24.7%, services 53.6% (2002 est.)
Land boundaries total:
2,366 km

border countries:
Djibouti 58 km, Ethiopia 1,626 km, Kenya 682 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
69%

forests and woodland:
26%

other:
3% (1993 est.)
arable land: 6.56%


permanent crops: 22.95%


other: 70.49% (2001)
Languages Somali (official), Arabic, Italian, English English (official), French patois
Legal system NA based on English common law
Legislative branch unicameral People's Assembly or Golaha Shacbiga

note:
fledgling parliament; a transitional 245-member National Assembly began to meet on 13 August 2000 in the town of Arta, Djibouti and is now based in Mogadishu
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (11 seats; six members appointed on the advice of the prime minister, three on the advice of the leader of the opposition, and two after consultation with religious, economic, and social groups) and the House of Assembly (17 seats; members are elected by popular vote from single-member constituencies to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Assembly - last held 3 December 2001 (next to be held in December 2006)


election results: House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - SLP 55%, UWP 37%, NA 3.5%; seats by party - SLP 14, UWP 3
Life expectancy at birth total population:
46.6 years

male:
44.99 years

female:
48.25 years (2001 est.)
total population: 73.34 years


male: 69.78 years


female: 77.16 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
24%

male:
36%

female:
14% (1990 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 67%


male: 65%


female: 69% (1980 est.)
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, east of Ethiopia Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims territorial sea:
200 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) none
Military branches A Somali National Army is being reformed under the interim government; numerous factions and clans maintain independent militias, and the Somaliland and Puntland regional governments maintain their own security and police forces Royal Saint Lucia Police Force (including Special Service Unit, Coast Guard)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% NA
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,825,302 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,011,400 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Foundation of the Somali Republic, 1 July (1960) Independence Day, 22 February (1979)
Nationality noun:
Somali(s)

adjective:
Somali
noun: Saint Lucian(s)


adjective: Saint Lucian
Natural hazards recurring droughts; frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer; floods during rainy season hurricanes and volcanic activity
Natural resources uranium and largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt forests, sandy beaches, minerals (pumice), mineral springs, geothermal potential
Net migration rate 5.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -2.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 15 km -
Political parties and leaders none National Alliance or NA [George ODLUM]; Saint Lucia Freedom Party or SFP [Martinus FRANCOIS]; Saint Lucia Labor Party or SLP [Kenneth ANTHONY]; Sou Tout Apwe Fete Fini or STAFF [Christopher HUNTE]; United Workers Party or UWP [Dr. Morella JOSEPH]
Political pressure groups and leaders numerous clan and subclan factions are currently vying for power NA
Population 7,488,773

note:
this estimate was derived from an official census taken in 1975 by the Somali Government; population counting in Somalia is complicated by the large number of nomads and by refugee movements in response to famine and clan warfare (July 2001 est.)
164,213 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA
Population growth rate 3.48% (2001 est.) 1.27% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Bender Cassim (Boosaaso), Berbera, Chisimayu (Kismaayo), Merca, Mogadishu Castries, Vieux Fort
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 0, shortwave 4 (1988) AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 470,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Sunni Muslim Roman Catholic 90%, Anglican 3%, other Protestant 7%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.79 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.59 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
the public telecommunications system was completely destroyed or dismantled by the civil war factions; all relief organizations depend on their own private systems

domestic:
recently, local cellular telephone systems have been established in Mogadishu and in several other population centers

international:
international connections are available from Mogadishu by satellite
general assessment: adequate system


domestic: system is automatically switched


international: country code - 1-758; direct microwave radio relay link with Martinique and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; tropospheric scatter to Barbados; international calls beyond these countries are carried by Intelsat from Martinique
Telephones - main lines in use NA 51,100 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 14,300 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 2 (of which one is a commercial broadcast station and one is a community antenna television or CATV channel) (2004)
Terrain mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north volcanic and mountainous with some broad, fertile valleys
Total fertility rate 7.11 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.25 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 16.5% (1997 est.)
Waterways none -
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